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At 1.1 volts, the bacteria, which had been fluorescently tagged so the researchers could see them clearly, have been attracted to the LIG anode and moved in the direction of it, like a bug zapper sale zapper. At 1.5 volts, the micro organism that got here into contact with the LIG had been killed within 30 seconds, and when the juice was cranked as much as 2.5 volts, it only took one second for them to disappear nearly entirely. And since LIG is already an excellent antifouling materials, the dead bugs don't accumulate on its surface. Next up, the researchers tested the material as a water-purification technique, leaving these LIG electrodes in an answer of micro organism and partially-handled wastewater. After nine hours at 2.5 volts, the zapper had killed 99.9 percent of the bugs, without forming a lot of a biofilm on the surface. The scientists aren't sure precisely what's killing the bacteria, but the situation they suspect sounds fairly gruesome. First the sharp edges of the graphene pierce their cell membranes, then the cost electrocutes them, and any remaining survivors are then shortly poisoned by the hydrogen peroxide that's created in the method.

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